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| Jaime Hernández |
Jaime Hernández, my guide-extraordinaire, asked me, “What happened in 1492?” and I, of course, gave the automatic grade-school response: Christopher Columbus. Turns out, a few other things happened that year and the full Wikipedia list is below.
Jaime was referring to the process of expelling Jewish people from Spain, some of whom wound up in Mexico, bringing with them Arabic influences which can be seen on the plaza in Pátzcuaro. Of course, Spanish culture in general is rich with Moorish influence.
Stephen Woodman writes for the Culture Trip:
"Mexico’s Arabic heritage can be traced back to the Moors, the North African Muslims who invaded Spain in 711 and ruled for almost 800 years. The Moors had a dramatic and long-lasting impact on the Iberian Peninsula, introducing scientific, mathematic and philosophical concepts that are still used today.”
Woodman outlines some of the Moorish
heritage: over 4,000 words of the Spanish language (including
“Guadalajara” which means valley of stones), arches, domes and mosaic
patterns which grace the architecture across Mexico, and spices such as
coriander, cumin, cinnamon and cloves added to the food we now call
Mexican.
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| Petroglyph stone from the ruins at Tzintzuntzan* |
Jaime's question triggered a star-burst of
thoughts … 627 years ago, there was no "United States” (or Canada or
Mexico for that matter). There were only indigenous peoples actually
living without the benefits of Facebook or Twitter. Things change and
wandering though this land where history can be seen and touched makes
me more aware that we are all transients on this amazing planet.
The indigenous peoples of Mexico
have not been treated better than the indigenous of any country, and
yet they continue living as close to the old ways as possible, honoring
and respecting the land, blending the new religion into their old
beliefs, celebrating the elements of the earth along with the saints of
the church.
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| View of Tzintzuntzan and Lake Pátzcuaro from ruins |
These people and ceremonies, touchstones to the
past, have become a product, luring tourists hungry for connection
willing to exchange their dineros for experiences lacking in
modern life. One of the best-known customs of Mexico is the celebration
of the Day of the Dead, popularized by the beautiful and touching Disney
movie, Coco.
The makers of the movie were influenced by a village on the edge of
Lake Pátzcuaro in the state of Michoacán in central Mexico where "Mama
Coco" still lives, as well as the all-night ancestral vigil that takes
place every year in the cemeteries on the islands of the lake.
Millions of people were touched
by the animated movie and, apparently, last year, all of them journeyed
to Pátzcuaro for Day of the Dead. In addition to thousands of individual
travelers, over 400 bus loads of tourists navigated the narrow roads,
overflowed the hotels and restaurants, and trekked through the
cemeteries in search of some experience, some connection with spirit …
or a story to take home for the next cocktail party. One of the star
icons of the movie is a white guitar. Now, the village where the movie
guitar was made can’t make them fast enough to meet the demand.
Last summer, I followed the lure
of swarms of fireflies to a reserve outside Puebla. The reserve had
been discovered within the past eight years and yet it had already
created chaos in the village closest to the reserve. In Puebla, I joined
a dozen people in a tour van and drove through the gentle rolling hills
for about an hour and a half. Then we turned off the highway and began a
bumper-to-bumper, hour-plus journey (maybe two miles) to the reserve at
the foot of the mountains where the fireflies come every year. The
village was lined with villagers standing three deep to sell all things
related to fireflies as well as rain panchos and flashlights.
The six-weeks of the firefly mating season had become the season of commerce for the village.
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| Monastery of San Francisco, 16th century |
All of this brings me back to Jaime’s question: What happened in 1492?
Thanks to historians, scholars, records and books, we now know that
things were set in motion that changed the world as it was known.
What we don’t know is what is happening now, in 2019, that will change everything and what future those changes will create.
What we don’t know is what is happening now, in 2019, that will change everything and what future those changes will create.
I've had many years to create a philosophy of gratitude which encompasses gratitude for all things. In my personal world, it is relatively easy to be grateful for all things that come my way.
Watching the changes in the world at large, however, it is a bit more difficult to find gratitude for all things. I wish I knew the outcome of what we're doing here in 2019. How will our actions today affect the world 627 years from now.
Will there be a year 2646?
*
Petroglyph found during the renovation of the cloister of the Monastery
of San Francisco in Tzintzuntzan, founded in the 16th century.
January–December, 1492
January–December, 1492
- January 2 – Fall of Granada: Muhammad XII, the last Emir of Granada, surrenders his city to the army of the Catholic Monarchs (Ferdinand II of Aragon and Isabella I of Castile) after a lengthy siege, ending the ten-year Granada War and the centuries-long Reconquista, and bringing an end to 780 years of Muslim control in Al-Andalus.
- January 15 – Christopher Columbus meets Ferdinand and Isabella at the Alcázar de los Reyes Cristianos in Córdoba, Andalusia, and persuades them to support his Atlantic voyage intended to find a new route to the East Indies.
- January 16 – The first grammar of the Spanish language (Gramática de la lengua castellana) is presented to Queen Isabella I.
- January 23 – The Pentateuch is first printed.[2]
- March 31 – Ferdinand and Isabella sign the Alhambra Decree, expelling all Jews from Spain unless they convert to Roman Catholicism.
- April 17 – The Capitulations of Santa Fe are signed between Christopher Columbus and the Crown of Castile, agreeing on arrangements for his forthcoming voyage.
- 8 June – Death of Elizabeth Woodville, the last living Yorkist queen.
- July 31 – The Jews are expelled from Spain; 40,000–200,000 leave. Sultan Bayezid II of the Ottoman Empire, learning of this, dispatches the Ottoman Navy to bring the Jews safely to Ottoman lands, mainly to the cities of Thessaloniki (in modern-day Greece) and İzmir (in modern-day Turkey).[3]
- August 3 – The Genoese navigator Christopher Columbus sails with three ships from Palos de la Frontera, in the service of the Crown of Castile, on his first voyage across the Atlantic Ocean, intending to reach Asia.
- August 11 – Pope Alexander VI succeeds Pope Innocent VIII as the 214th pope, after the 1492 papal conclave, the first held in the Sistine Chapel.
- September 6 – Christoper Columbus sails from La Gomera in the Canary Islands, his final port of call before crossing the Atlantic Ocean for the first time.
- October 3 – English army besieges Boulogne.[4]
- October 11 – Several members of the first voyage of Christopher Columbus witness an unusual light.
- October 12 – Christopher Columbus' expedition makes landfall in the Caribbean and lands on Guanahani, but he believes he has reached the East Indies.
- October 28 – Christopher Columbus lands in Cuba.
- November 3 – The Peace of Étaples is signed between England and France, ending French support for Perkin Warbeck, the pretender to the English throne. All English-held territory in France (with the exception of Calais) is returned to France.[5]
- November 7 – The Ensisheim meteorite, a 127 kg (280 lb) meteorite, lands in a wheat field near the village of Ensisheim in Alsace.
- December 5 – Christopher Columbus becomes the first European to set foot on the island of Hispaniola.
- December 25 – Columbus' ship Santa María runs aground off Cap-Haïtien, and is lost.
- December 31 – About 100,000 Jews are expelled from Sicily.
More Information:
Mexico’s Hidden Arabic Heritage, Stephen Woodman, Culture Trip
Journey to the Heart of Disney's 'Coco' in Mexico, Gretchen Kelly, Forbes
Journey to the Heart of Disney's 'Coco' in Mexico, Gretchen Kelly, Forbes
